433 specifically that the opposition had filedAcross the Atlantic the crisis contracted bond of communitiesHis way Alice Dautry is a child of May 1968You need to know accompany such a processFind the articles of the series of summer onIt has managed our political training as amarkSo far this method of sale was successfulThe unknown lies on the duration of battery lifeThe presidential election of 2007 is crucialIt is thus invited to implement his suggestionsThis year and for the first time since more than twenty years, emigration is expected to decrease to developed countries, after contributing massively to the net designs of employment during the last decade. This is the realization that the Organization of cooperation and development (OECD) issued yesterday.
In Spain, the United Kingdom, Ireland, countries that have experienced a massive immigration over the last decade, the unemployment rate of immigrants has almost doubled since 2007, which strongly discourages potential candidates. Indeed, the sectors most affected by the crisis, as the building, are also those where foreign workers were more present. Found the same situation in the United States where, for the first time for a long time, the ceiling of the main category of temporary work visa number was not met. This is added the fact that some countries have implemented the restrictions at the entrance to immigrants. In Italy, for example, the number of licences granted to non EU citizens workers will be set to zero this year. But these measures will only play a minor role in the decline of the immigration, according to John Martin, Director of the Department of employment, labour and Social Affairs of the OECD. And if the Spain, the Japan and the Czech Republic have implemented incentives to return policies, they should have, according to the Organization, only a marginal impact.
The example of the United Kingdom
However, the current crisis should not obscure that when late 2009, early 2010 according to John Martin tensions that are experienced in some sectors of activities such as computer or construction will reappear. It was to implement the tools necessary for the growth in the long term. Jean-Christophe Dumont, one of the experts of the Organization, "prior to immigration to ensure that all labour reserves was used and that the necessary adjustments have been made in terms of training". But changes of this nature take time, almost ten years in the area of health for example. "It must therefore primarily put in place mechanisms to identify more closely the needs of each State", says the Economist.
The United Kingdom, pioneer in the field, has created two years ago an independent Advisory Committee on migration (MAC). It assesses the needs of each sector of activity with conventional criteria of tension of the market work, but evolution of salary or macro-economic climate of the country. Its recommendations are usually followed by the Government.
The OECD recognises that it is very difficult to implement temporary recruitment systems. As stated by Angel Gurría, its Secretary General, "immigration is not a tap that can open and close at will." The measures taken by Governments must therefore register in time and take into account all the parameters of the labour market.
Over the ambitions displayed by some leaders, such as Nicolas Sarkozy, to increase immigration work at the expense of family reunification, they will be difficult to achieve anyway. As explained Jean-Christophe Dumont, "If the percentage of immigration to work is lower in France that in other countries, it is all because the total immigration was also lower". This last factor is explained by the low attractiveness of the market of French employment for more than a decade.
