But now tensions are felt on the volumesThe pace will be thus less argued in 2006 13Their courses have even lost more than 20 The remuneration of managers must be capped It is in our interest but also that of the RussiansAnd yet the dollar appreciates as a well rare4 in 2005 some economists saw a finish 35 hoursAll play today with the codes of the sportThis time a global cooperation is neededBerlin pushes the purchasewith des cleanvehiclesThe canteen, 12 passage Montmartre, Gallery of Panoramas. Contrary to what its name might suggest, this is not the last fashion restaurant opened in one of these built in the 18th and 19th centuries, two not of the Grands Boulevards. It is here at HQ Silicon trail, an association of 120 companies evolving in the Council of Ile-de-France ecosystem of digital and representative 2,000 jobs. Inaugurated in January, the canteen is a genuine hive. There is a community coffee of informal meetings-oriented projects to the technologies of information and communication technologies (ICT), to share offices and spaces for "workshops", workshops, seminars... François Fillon and Eric Besson is thus discussed the future of ICT. The French industrial districts Club, which includes some 60 "local productive systems" (SPL), "poles of competitiveness" and other "clusters", is held in June the General Assembly.
Silicon Sentier is precisely one of these SPL labelled by the inter-ministerial delegation to the development and competitiveness of territories (Diact) to encourage the actors in a same die on a given territory to work together for greater efficiency and a greater readability. His young General delegate, Marie-Vorgan the Barzic, took the initiative in 2004 to bring together representatives of the emerging trends in the digital economy in Ile-de-France: young shoots, artists, designers, researchers... Objective: stimulate innovation, access to new markets and obtain public funding.
Digital culture broth
The Mairie de Paris, this approach has attracted the Deputy Mayor in charge of economic development to generate activity in the capital after the degradation of the situation of employment in the 1990s. "We encourage these"bottom up"approaches of small and medium-sized enterprises that nonresidential their efforts for an optimized result, as Paris has economic cycles amplified from the rest of the France", said Christian Sautter. Silicon Sentier thus enabled the digital sector, affected by the collapse of the dot-com bubble, to recover faster. The city allocates him 73.000 euros a year, supplemented by the region. "We bring to this SPL 150,000 euros in aid for the operation over three years, and we have mobilized all so that the canteen day: this relaxed loft, in the image of the sector, has become the sole interlocutor of holders of projects as funders, politicians and residents", observes Jean-Baptiste Roger, technical adviser of ICT at the Regional Council. Thus, the canteen is home to the Internet Foundation new generation, which is a centre of technology and digital culture broth. The "crossroads of the possible" organising allows ten of promoters to appear in six minutes to potential users, while the "Mobile Monday", thematic day (the TV on mobile, the mobile women...), is an opportunity for a large account and two start-up companies to explain their work. "It is to encourage groups to work with the TPE, which are struggling to finance their research", comments Marie-Vorgan the Barzic.
Public side, the canteen offers training for women at the "Tea Time with Albertine", invites neighbors to "Apéros of the future", encouraged the inhabitants of the "digital district" to discover the services that simplify their daily lives tomorrow... Thus, some 50 business yet competing worked on a community wi - fi tested by 500 Parisians. OSEO, dedicated to the development of SMEs, public Bank participates in the financing of projects of this "digital district".
International visibility
The hyperactivity of Silicon Sentier allowed him to identify enough own revenue to double in one year its budget increased from 350,000 to 700,000 euros, while charging services to members according to their means. A journey, such as that of Capital Games, encouraging SPL and consisting of a video game in the Ile-de-France 50 with a budget of EUR 1 million. Here again, the collapse of the technological values, the end of 2000, could prove fatal for these SMEs, face the overcautiousness of the banks and the Asian and American competition. "A society on two closed, skilled in the art would disappear. "I thought the lyonnais cluster formed around Infogrames and sought the Mairie de Paris", recalls Frédéric Weil, creator of games and initiator of Capital Games, born end of 2004. Hosted by Paris development structure created by the city and the Chamber of commerce in the old stock exchange trade, the SPL receives 160,000 euros to the municipality and the Regional Council, for which these clusters are "heads of Gondola" identified. "Each invested euro of public benefits to all stakeholders, and projects that have a real multiplier effect," said Jean-Baptiste Roger. Today, orders multiply for members of Capital Games, and patterns are struggling to recruit in a sector where the average age is twenty-seven years. The SPL also assists them in the
their human resources management.In this sector that exports to 87 its production, where the international visibility is a priority, about 40 members of Capital Games were able to participate in major international exhibitions, supported by the region and the State. The SPL has managed to overcome the culture of secrecy prevailing in the video game and to forge ties with heavyweights such as Microsoft, Sony, Universal, Electronic Arts... "The game is at the origin of major innovations in computer science: 3D, the rise of computers, artificial intelligence, the management of networks in real time...". R & D is needed at all times, especially in the Chinese or Indian investment. "This must be to unite," explains Frédéric Weil. Develop a game mobilizes 20-200 people during a three-year, and 2 to 15 million euros of budget. This is why Capital Games leads with the Cap Digital competitiveness pole, which is one of the founders, the "play all" project: fifteen companies and laboratories design overall software "middleware". "It is a basic software developers can use to create the setting, the game environment, instead of acquiring each on their software, expired three years after", continues Frédéric Weil.
By its lobbying, the SPL is no stranger to the recent establishment of a tax credit for the costs of game development. At the Festival of the video game, from 26 to 28 September in Paris, he organized "days of funding" to help developers to complete their projects. "The stakes are heavy: the video game in France represents a turnover of 2 to 3 billion euros per year", insists Frédéric Weil.
Capital Games to become the first European pole of video game, in association with Lyon Games. An ambition shared by Parisians elected officials, that build on this type of network to emerge promising sectors in terms of employment, innovation and radiation. "If it is normal that the State take care of major competitiveness clusters, the SPL cannot be conceived in the departments." "They are born of the meeting of territories listening... enterprising entrepreneurs and," insists Christian Sautter, who claims to have developed 45,000 square metres of nurseries, located mostly East of Paris, for the sake of balance and social integration.
The newest of the SPL, "Paris mix", meets these criteria. Launched in February at the Lavoir Moderne Parisien, "popular multicultural laboratory" in the heart of the Golden drop, it is for the players in the world music: labels, producers, Turners, organizers of shows, rooms... "Composed of a majority of small businesses and associations, Paris Mix is to boost a sector which suffers from a deficit of structuring" says its founder, Marc Benaïche, patron of Mondomix, media group dedicated to the music of the world. Cettefilière represents 600 actors and 4,000 jobs in the Ile-de-France. "Paris, because of its colonial heritage and links with the countries concerned, is the melting pot of musical expressions from urban miscegenation." "It must leverage this to be recognized as the capital of the world music", argues Marc Benaïche.
The cluster, which has a budget of 300,000 euros a year, wants to maximize the cultural exchanges between communities, becoming a pole of professionalization of people from immigration and a centre of digital actions. "The record industry, shocked by the Net, saw its turnover fall by 40 since 2004." This crisis is more fragile. "The music of the world weigh 6-7 of the recorded music are many smaller labels and independent distributors who have not mastered Web", continues Marc Benaïche. In the program: creation of a platform of distribution digital, online music, web 2.0 promotion catalogues, pooling of rooms scanning and editing, constitution of a group of employers, launch of a television of the musics of the world broadcast on the bouquet of the ADSL operators next year.
"Doubly satisfying."
100 Active SPL in France, a dozen are in the Paris region and often incorporate a strong ICT (1) component. Other networks may emerge in the digital art, design and fashion, the book: in the heart of the 11th arrondissement, where there are 150 editors, illustrators, broadcasters,... the association Fontaine O books attaches to revitalize the book trades. Incubator, she has set up a network bringing together 30 professions and multiplying initiatives to counterbalance the bulk of the sector, without neglecting the issue of the Digital Edition.
Elected officials realize that these animation tools of the territory, for a reasonable background setting, display more than honourable results. "Balance is doubly satisfying, observed Jean-Baptiste Roger." Companies talk and avoid fratricidal struggles, repositioning their business model to address the international rather than the neighbor. Public players, with these belts and transmission of information that are clusters, there are no appointment important for innovation and act faster.
